Wpływ treningu CrossFit na parametry poznawcze i fizjologiczne w zależności od poziomu rywalizacji

Autor

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11649/cs.2880

Słowa kluczowe:

psychologia sportu, poznanie, aktywność fizyczna, język, uwaga, trening fizyczny, trening typu cross, funkcja wykonawcza

Abstrakt

W badaniu opisanym w artykule zanalizowano wpływ intensywnego treningu CrossFit na parametry poznawcze i fizjologiczne na różnych etapach wydajności. Skupiono się na ocenie wpływu takiego treningu zarówno na sprawność psychiczną, jak i fizyczną sportowców klasyfikowanych jako "elitarni", "zaawansowani" i "początkujący". Celem było zbadanie, w jaki sposób CrossFit, znany z wysokiej intensywności i zróżnicowanych ruchów funkcjonalnych, wpływa na funkcje poznawcze i reakcje fizjologiczne u sportowców o różnym poziomie zaawansowania. Porównując te grupy zarówno przed, jak i po treningu dnia (WOD), starano się zrozumieć związek między intensywnością treningu CrossFit a zmianami poznawczymi i fizjologicznymi.  Metodologicznie podejście badających polegało na podzieleniu próby na trzy grupy: elitarną (n = 7), zaawansowaną (n = 10) i początkującą (n = 15). Przeprowadzono kompleksowe oceny parametrów poznawczych i fizjologicznych każdego uczestnika przed i po treningu dnia. Wyniki ujawniły znaczące różnice podczas wykonywania ćwiczeń, przy czym elitarni sportowcy wykazywali znacznie szybsze czasy w porównaniu z zaawansowanymi i początkującymi. Funkcje poznawcze, w szczególności funkcje wykonawcze, takie jak czytanie, liczenie, podejmowanie decyzji, zmiana, hamowanie i elastyczność, również różniły się znacznie w poszczególnych grupach. Pomiary fizjologiczne, w tym poziom mleczanu i tętno, jeszcze bardziej uwydatniły te różnice. Co ciekawe, elitarni sportowcy wykazywali średni poziom mleczanu 13,1 mmol niższy niż ich koledzy i wyższe średnie tętno wynoszące 188,0 uderzeń na minutę. Jeśli chodzi o funkcje poznawcze, zaobserwowano różnice w wykonywaniu rozmaitych zadań, co pokazuje zniuansowany wpływ ćwiczeń o wysokiej intensywności na zdolności poznawcze. Podsumowując, trzeba stwierdzić, że przeprowadzone  badanie dostarcza przekonujących dowodów na to, że trening CrossFit o wysokiej intensywności pozytywnie wpływa na funkcje wykonawcze. Wyniki są określane ilościowo poprzez znaczne różnice w czasach występowania, zadaniach funkcji wykonawczych, przedziałach ilości mleczanu i tętnie. Oferują krytyczny wgląd w wielowymiarowe korzyści płynące z treningu CrossFit na różnych etapach rywalizacji.

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2024-12-22

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